Global warming places life on earth in danger, posing a threat to fresh water, food, and energy supplies. Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are the primary cause of global warming. Carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and nitrogen oxides (NOx) are GHGs produced by the combustion of oil, fossil fuels, and other sources.
The energy supply sector is one of the largest contributors to global greenhouse gas emissions, responsible for approximately 35% of total emissions. The Covid-19 pandemic impacted the energy demand in 2020, reducing global CO2 emissions by 5.2%. However, the rapid economic recovery in 2021 increased the energy demand. The biggest increase in CO2 emissions by sector in 2021 took place in electricity and heat production, where they jumped by more than 900 million tonnes CO2 equivalent, which accounted for 46% of the global increase in emissions.
E.ON SE (E.ON) is an energy utility that produces and distributes electricity, gas and heat, and provides other energy related products and services. In 2021, the company reported total GHG emissions of around 109.8 million tonnes CO2 equivalents (MtCO2eq), down 7% from 2020.
Scope 1, 2, and 3 emissions are the three categories of GHG emissions. Scope 1 emissions result from sources that the company owns or controls, such as fuel combustion, power and heat generation, and fugitive emissions. Indirect GHG emissions during the production of purchased power, and power distribution losses, are referred to as Scope 2. Scope 3 emissions refer to the company's other indirect emissions beyond the company’s direct operations and occur in the company’s value chain, including upstream and downstream activities, such as purchased power sold to end customers, combustion of natural gas sold to end customers, and employee commute.
Scope 3 emissions account for most of E.ON’s overall GHG emissions, accounting for 91.4% of total GHG emissions (100.4 MtCO2eq) in 2021. In 2021, the company's Scope 1 emissions (3.71 MtCO2eq) fell by 5%, and Scope 2 emissions (5.7 MtCO2eq) fell by 6%.
E.ON aims to reduce GHG emissions with an intention to become climate-neutral by 2040. The company plans to reduce Scope 1 and 2 emissions by 75% by 2030 and 100% by 2040, relative to 2019.
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