1 Executive Summary
1.1 Solar power to set to become the largest renewable energy source by the end of
2030.
1.2 China to dominate global renewable capacity mix by
2030.
2 Renewable Energy Policy, Australia
2.1 Renewable Energy Market, Overview
2.2 Policy Snapshot
2.3 Renewable Energy Targets
2.4 Renewable Energy Policy Framework
– Renewable Energy Target (RET) Scheme
– Climate Change Target 2030
– Long Term Emissions Reduction Plan
– The Net Zero Plan
– Offshore Electricity Infrastructure Act 2021 (OEI)
– Financial Incentives and Policy Support for Solar Power, Australia, Federal Incentives
– Clean Energy Finance Corporation (CEFC)
– Emissions Reduction Fund (ERF)
– Australian Carbon Credit Units Scheme (ACCU)
– Federal Budget 2024-25
– Hydrogen Production Tax Incentive
– Future Made in Australia Innovation Fund
– National Hydrogen Strategy
– Australia-Germany Hydrogen Accord – Hygate program
– Microgrids
– Australian Clean Hydrogen Trade Program (ACHTP)
– Capacity Investment Scheme (CIS)
2.5 State Level Policies and Incentives-South Australia
– Feed-in Tariffs
– South Australia Renewable Energy Auctions
– The Sustainability Incentives Scheme
– South Australia Energy and Emissions Reduction Agreement
– National Hydrogen Strategy – South Australia
2.6 State Level Policies and Incentives-New South Wales (NSW)
– Electricity Infrastructure Roadmap
– Assessing large-scale solar projects in NSW
– Proposed New Energy Policy Framework
– Feed-in Tariffs
– Funds for Renewable Energy in Regional Communities
– Solar Homes Policy
– Solar for Low Income Household
– Empowering Homes: Solar Battery Loan Program
– NSW Energy and Emissions Reduction Agreement
– National Hydrogen Strategy – New South Wales
– Small-scale Technology Certificates
2.7 State Level Policies and Incentives-Victoria
– Renewable Energy Action Plan
– Victoria's Climate Change Strategy
– Feed-in Tariffs
– Agriculture Energy Investment Plan (AEIP)
– New Renewable Energy Target for Victoria (VRET)
– The Victorian Renewable Energy Auction Scheme (VREAS)
– Renewable Hydrogen Commercialization Pathways Fund
– Victorian Big Battery (VBB)
– National Hydrogen Strategy – Victoria
2.8 State Level Policies and Incentives-Tasmania
– Feed-in Tariffs
– Renewable Energy Action Plan
– Renewable Energy Target
– Tasmania Energy Emissions Reduction and Resilience Plan (2024-2029)
– National Hydrogen Strategy – Tasmania
– Tasmanian Renewable Hydrogen Action Plan
2.9 State Level Policies and Incentives-Queensland
– Feed-in Tariffs
– Queensland Renewable Energy Auctions
– Queensland interest-free solar loans
– Solar 150 initiative
– CleanCo
– National Hydrogen Strategy – Queensland
2.10 State Level Policies and Incentives-Australian Capital Territory
– ACT Renewable Energy Auctions
– Home Battery Storage Program
– Rooftop Solar Scheme
– Solar for Apartments Program
– Sustainable Household Scheme
– National Hydrogen Strategy – Australian Capital Territory
2.11 State Level Policies and Incentives-Western Australia
– Climate Policy
– Energy Transformation Strategy
– Distributed Energy Buyback Scheme (DEBS)
– National Hydrogen Strategy – Western Australia
2.12 State Level Policies and Incentives-Northern Territory
– Roadmap to achieve Renewable Energy Target
– Incentives for Renewable Energy
– Solar Energy Transformation Program (SETuP)
– National Hydrogen Strategy – Northern Territory
3 Renewable Energy Policy, Bangladesh
3.1 Renewable Energy Market, Overview
3.2 Policy Snapshot
3.3 Renewable Energy Targets
3.4 Mujib Climate Prosperity Plan 2022-2041
3.5 Integrated Energy and Power Master Plan (IEPMP) 2023
3.6 Hydrogen Energy
3.7 Sustainable and Renewable Energy Development Authority Act
3.8 The Bangladesh Energy Regulatory Commission (BERC) Act 2003
3.9 Net Metering
3.10 Solar Home Systems Program
4 Renewable Energy Policy, China
4.1 Renewable Energy Market, Overview
4.2 Policy Snapshot
4.3 Renewable Energy Targets
4.4 Energy Law
4.5 2024-2025 Energy Conservation and Carbon Reduction Action Plan
4.6 Renewable Energy Law
4.6.1 Taxation Measures
4.6.2 Grid Access
4.6.3 Interconnection Standards
4.6.4 Special Fund for Renewable Energy Development
4.6.5 Renewable Energy Power Consumption Guarantee Mechanism
4.6.6 Renewable Energy Law Amendments
4.7 Implementation Plan for Synergistic Efficiency Improvement of Pollution Reduction and Carbon Reduction
4.8 International Science and Technology Co-operation Program for New and Renewable Energy
4.9 The 14th Five-Year Plan
4.10 Hydrogen Energy in China
4.10.1 Shandong Province
4.10.2 Guangdong Province
4.10.3 Heibei Province
4.10.4 Ningxia Province
4.10.5 Henan Province
4.11 Renewable Portfolio Standard (RPS)
4.12 Carbon Intensity Target
4.13 National Emission Trading Scheme (ETS)
4.14 Subsidy-Free Solar, Wind Power Policy
4.15 Financial Incentives and Policy Support for Solar, China
4.15.1 Solar Auctions and Schemes
4.15.2 Solar Mandate
4.15.3 Action Plan for the Development of Smart Photovoltaic Industry
4.16 Financial Incentives and Policy Support for Wind, China
4.16.1 Wind Auctions and Rules
4.16.2 Notice on Provisional Management Measures for Distributed Wind Power Project Development and Construction for all provinces
4.16.3 Notice regulating the standardization of the wind power equipment and generators quality
4.16.4 Market Entry Standards for Wind Equipment Manufacturers
4.17 Financial Incentives and Policy Support for Hydropower, China
4.17.1 Preferential Value Added Tax for Small Hydropower
4.17.2 Rural Electrification Policies Favouring Small Hydro Installation
4.17.3 China Three Gorges rules for new domestic hydro projects
4.17.4 Action Plan for Reaching Carbon Peak Before 2030
4.17.5 ""Three Powers"" Support Plan (2022-2025)
4.18 Financial Incentives and Policy Support for Biopower, China
4.18.1 Value Added Tax for Biogas
4.18.2 Non-food Biomass Feedstock Standardization Technical Committee
5 Renewable Energy Market, India
5.1 Renewable Energy Market, Overview
5.2 Policy Snapshot
5.3 Renewable Energy Targets
5.4 Electricity Act of 2003
– National Electricity Policy (NEP, 2022)
– National Electricity Policy (NEP, 2021)
5.5 National Renewable Energy Act, 2015
5.6 Cross Border Power Trade Regulation, 2020
5.7 Cross Border Electricity Trade, 2021
5.8 Scheme for Supply of Round-The-Clock (RTC) Renewable Energy
5.9 National Action Plan on Climate Change
– State Action Plan on Climate Change (SAPCC)
5.10 Amendments in National Tariff Policy
5.11 Renewable Energy Certificates
– REC Amendment 2021
– REC Amendment 2022
5.12 Memorandum- “Make in India” for Local Content in Renewable Energy Products
5.13 Memorandum-Quality of Solar Modules
5.14 National Wind-Solar Hybrid Policy
5.15 National Repowering and Life Extension Policy for Wind Power Projects
5.16 Quality Control Manual for Grid Connected Rooftop Solar PV Systems and Solar PV Water Pumping Systems
5.17 Green Term Ahead Market (GTAM)
5.18 Green Energy Corridor
5.19 Extension on Waiver of Inter-State Transmission Charges
5.20 Union Budget Allocation
– 2025-2026
– 2023-2024
5.21 National Hydrogen Mission
– Strategic Intervention for Green Hydrogen Transition (SIGHT) Programme
5.22 Pradhan Mantri Suryodaya Yojana (PMSY)/PM Surya Ghar: Muft Bijli Yojana
5.23 Renewable Energy Auctions
– Interstate Transmission Network System (ISTS)-Connected Wind-Solar Hybrid Power Projects
– Auction Analysis
5.24 Feed-in-Tariffs.
– Small Hydro
– Bioenergy
– Solar Power
– Wind Power
5.25 Support for Renewable Energy, India
– Support for Solar Power
– Support for Wind Power
– Support for Biopower
– Support for Small Hydropower
6 Renewable Energy Market, Indonesia
6.1 Renewable Energy Market, Overview
6.2 Policy Snapshot
6.3 Renewable Energy Targets
6.4 National Energy Policy
6.5 New Tariff Regime for Renewables
6.6 Presidential Regulation 112
6.7 Indonesia Electricity Supply Plan (RUPTL), 2021–2030
6.8 Revocation of 32 regulations in the Energy and Minerals Sector in 2018
6.9 Other Electricity Sector Regulations
– Ministerial Decree number 10/2017 (MEMR 10/2017)
– Ministerial Decree number 11/2017 (MEMR 11/2017)
6.10 Net-metering scheme
6.11 Value-Added Tax and Import Duty Exemption for Renewable Energy Property
6.12 Geothermal Law
– Auctions for Geothermal Working Areas (WKP)
6.13 Geothermal Fund
6.14 Other Fiscal Incentives
– Tax Allowance
– Tax Holiday
6.15 OJK Carbon Exchange Regulation
7 Renewable Energy Policy, Japan
7.1 Renewable Energy Market, Overview
7.2 Policy Snapshot
7.3 Renewable Energy Targets
7.4 Basic Energy Plan until 2030
7.5 Sixth Strategic Energy Plan, 2021
7.6 Hydrogen Energy in Japan
– Basic Hydrogen Strategy
7.7 Japan Renewable Energy Policy Platform
7.8 Amendment of the Renewable Energy Act (New Feed-in Tariff Act)
7.9 Feed-in Tariffs for Renewable Energy
– Feed-in-Premium (FiP)
7.10 Renewable Energy Auctions
– Solar PV Auctions
– Auction Analysis
– Offshore Wind Auctions
– Offshore Wind Bill
– Onshore Wind Auctions
– Biopower Auctions
7.11 RE 100
7.12 Establishment of New Energy Development Organization
7.13 Renewable Energy Certificates (REC) in Japan
7.14 Act No. 89 of 2018
7.15 Cool Earth-Innovative Energy Technology Program
8 Renewable Energy Market, Kazakhstan
8.1 Renewable Energy Market, Overview
8.2 Policy Snapshot
8.3 Renewable Energy Targets
8.4 Law on Electricity
8.5 Law on the Use of Renewable Energy Sources
8.6 Doctrine for Carbon Neutrality by 2060
8.7 Hydrogen Energy
8.8 Long-Term Development Strategy for the Period up to 2025
8.9 Renewable Energy Auctions
8.10 New Financing Framework by EBRD for Renewables
9 Renewable Energy Policy, Laos
9.1 Renewable Energy Market, Overview
9.2 Policy Snapshot
9.3 Renewable Energy Targets
9.4 Renewable Energy Development Strategy
9.5 Hydrogen Energy
9.6 Law on Investment Promotion
9.7 National Green Growth Strategy to 2030
9.8 National Policy on Sustainable Hydropower Development
9.9 Nationally Determined Contribution
10 Renewable Energy Policy, Malaysia
10.1 Renewable Energy Market, Overview
10.2 Policy Snapshot
10.3 Renewable Energy Targets
10.4 National Energy Policy (2022 – 2040)
10.5 Twelfth Malaysia Plan, 2021–2025
10.6 Malaysia Renewable Energy Roadmap (MyRER)
– Key actions up to 2025
– Key actions up to 2035
10.7 National Energy Transition Roadmap (NETR)
10.8 Feed-in Tariffs (FiTs)
10.9 Net-Energy Metering (NEM)
10.10 National Renewable Energy Policy and Action Plan
10.11 Hydrogen Energy in Malaysia
– Hydrogen Economy & Technology Roadmap
10.12 Energy Efficiency and Conservation Act (EECA)
10.13 Green Investment Strategy
10.14 Green Technology Financing Scheme (GTFS)
10.15 Green Investment Tax Allowance (GITA) and Green Income Tax Exemption (GITE)
10.16 Large Scale Solar Photovoltaic (LSSPV) Program – Auctions
10.17 Supply Agreement of Renewable Energy (SARE)
10.18 Corporate Green Power Programme
11 Renewable Energy Market, New Zealand
11.1 Renewable Energy Market, Overview
11.2 Policy Snapshot
11.3 Renewable Energy Targets
11.4 Offshore Renewable Energy Bill
11.5 Energy Strategy, 2011-2021 (Energy Strategy 2050)
11.6 Energy Efficiency and Conservation Strategy, 2017-2022
11.7 Hydrogen Energy
11.8 National Policy Statement for Renewable Electricity Generation
11.9 Buy-back Rates for Solar Power
11.10 Emissions Trading Scheme (ETS)
11.11 Zero Carbon Bill
11.12 Bioenergy Initiative
11.13 Crown Loans Programme
11.14 Maori & Public Housing Renewable Energy Fund
– Kāinga Ora Renewable Energy Programme
– Community Renewable Energy fund
12 Renewable Energy Policy, Pakistan
12.1 Renewable Energy Market, Overview
12.2 Policy Snapshot
12.3 Renewable Energy Targets
12.4 Hydrogen Energy
12.5 Power Sector Reforms
– National Power System Expansion Plan (NPSEP)
– Indicative Generation Capacity Expansion Plan (IGCEP)
12.6 Alternative and Renewable Energy Policy (AREP) 2019
– Tax Exemption under AREP
– Tax and Duty Exemption
– Exchange Protection
12.7 National Power Policy, 2015
12.8 Provincial power policies
– Sindh
– Baluchistan
– Punjab
– Pakhtunkhwa
12.9 Direct Sale of Renewable Electricity to End Users
12.10 Feed-in Tariffs (FiT), Pakistan
– Solar Power Feed-in Tariffs
– Wind Power Feed-in Tariffs
– Small Hydropower Feed-in Tariffs
12.11 Auctions
12.12 Net–metering
12.13 Sindh Solar Energy Program
12.14 Tax Exemptions
12.15 National Solar Energy Initiative
13 Renewable Energy Policy, Philippines
13.1 Renewable Energy Market, Overview
13.2 Policy Snapshot
13.3 Renewable Energy Targets
13.4 National Renewable Energy Program (NREP)
13.5 Renewable Energy Act
– Amendment 2021
– Amendment 2022
13.6 Renewable Portfolio Standards
13.7 Green Energy Option Program (GEOP)
13.8 Net–Metering
13.9 Green Energy Auction Program (GEAP)
13.10 Open and Competitive Selection Process (OCSP)
13.11 Competitive Selection Process (CSP) for Power Supply Agreements
14 Renewable Energy market, Singapore
14.1 Renewable Energy Market, Overview
14.2 Policy Snapshot
14.3 Renewable Energy Targets
14.4 Electricity Act, 2002 (Amendment) Act, 2018
14.5 National Energy Policy
14.6 Solar PV Subsidies
– Simplified Credit Treatment Scheme (SCT)
– Enhanced Central Intermediary Scheme (ECIS)
– Renewable Energy Certificates (REC)
14.7 Auctions
– SolarNova Program
14.8 Net metering
14.9 Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC)
14.10 Tax Incentive for Energy Saving Equipment
14.11 Singapore’s Carbon Tax
14.12 National Hydrogen Strategdy
15 Renewable Energy Policy, South Korea
15.1 Renewable Energy Market, Overview
15.2 Policy Snapshot
15.3 Renewable Energy Targets
15.4 Green Growth Policy
15.5 New Deal
2.0
– Green New Deal
15.6 Tenth Basic Plan
15.7 11th Basic Plan for Supply and Demand of Power (2024 – 2038)
15.8 Offshore Wind Promotion Act
15.9 Offshore Wind Power Supply Roadmap
15.10 Third Energy Master Plan 2019–2040
15.11 Korea Renewable Energy 3020 Plan
15.12 Renewable Portfolio Standard (RPS)
15.13 Renewable Energy Certificates (REC)
15.14 Fixed price contract bidding system
15.15 Auctions
15.16 Hydrogen Energy
15.17 Tax Audit Exemption
15.18 Mandatory Use of Renewable Energy for Public Buildings
15.19 K-RE100 Scheme
16 Renewable Energy Policy, Taiwan
16.1 Renewable Energy Market, Overview
16.2 Policy Snapshot
16.3 Renewable Energy Targets
16.4 The Electricity Act
16.5 Renewable Energy Development Act (REDA)
16.6 New Green Energy Revolution
16.7 National Energy Program
16.8 Green Finance Action Plan
16.9 Solar Power Programs
16.10 Feed in Tariffs
16.11 Incentives for Renewable Energy Sources
– Demonstration awards and subsidies
– Tax incentives
16.12 Renewable Energy Auction
16.13 Other Programs and Initiatives
– Shalun Green Energy Science City
– Green Energy Roofs Project
17 Renewable Energy Policy, Thailand
17.1 Renewable Energy Market, Overview
17.2 Policy Snapshot
17.3 Renewable Energy Targets
17.4 Thailand Integrated Energy Blueprint (TIEB)
17.5 Power Development Plan 2018-2037 (PDP2018)
17.6 Alternative Energy Development Plan 2015–2036
– Amendment of Alternative Energy Development Plan 2015–2036
17.7 National Energy Plan (NEP)
17.8 Feed-in-Tariffs
– For Very Small Power Producers (VSPPs)
– Solar Power Feed-in-Tariffs
17.9 Solar photovoltaic (PV) scheme for local household rooftops, 2019-2028
17.10 Net metering scheme for residential PV
17.11 Tax Incentives through Board of Investment
– Five-Year Investment Promotion Strategy
17.12 Hydrogen energy in Thailand
17.13 Carbon Credit
18 Renewable Energy Policy, Vietnam
18.1 Renewable Energy Market, Overview
18.2 Policy Snapshot
18.3 Renewable Energy Targets
18.4 Introduction of Competition in Power Market
18.5 Law on Electricity 2024
– Decree No. 18/2025/ND-CP
– Decree No. 56/2025/ND-CP
– Decree No. 57/2025/ND-CP
– Decree No. 58/2025/ND-CP
18.6 Power Development Plan VIII (PDP VIII)
– Revised Power Development Plan VIII (PDP VIII)
18.7 Revised Power Development Plan VII (PDP VII)
18.8 Renewable Energy Development Strategy 2016–2030 with outlook until 2050 (REDS)
18.9 National Green Growth Strategy
– National Green Growth Strategy 2021-2030(Green Growth Strategy)
18.10 Feed–in Tariffs (FiTs)
– Biopower Feed-in-Tariffs
18.11 Avoided Cost Tariff (AVCT) for small hydro.
18.12 Net Metering Scheme
18.13 Model Power Purchase Agreements
– Solar PPA Model
– Wind Power PPA Model
18.14 Direct Corporate Power Purchase Agreement (DPPA)
– Market access through CPTPP and EUVNFTA
18.15 Local Provincial Rules for renewable energy development
– Tariff Guidelines for Solar Rooftop Projects
18.16 Competitive Auction Mechanism
18.17 Other incentives for Renewable Power Projects
19 Appendix
19.1 Abbreviations
19.2 Methodology
– Coverage
– Secondary Research
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