Deep Dive into China’s Isolation in High-Performance Computing – Thematic Intelligence
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Deep Dive into China’s Isolation in High-Performance Computing Thematic Report Overview
In 2016, China overtook the US to claim the most entries on the Top 500, a list that ranks the 500 most powerful supercomputers globally, for the first time. However, since 2019, China’s presence in the Top 500 has decreased following trade restrictions imposed by the US. Today, China’s most powerful high-performance computing (HPC) systems are highly secretive yet comparatively (and unofficially) powerful despite architectural inefficiencies and trade sanctions.
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This Deep Dive into China’s Isolation in High-Performance Computing Thematic Report provides an overview of the current state of China’s HPC isolation and its impact.
Current State of China's HPC Isolation
Over half of the HPC systems in the top 500 are in either China or the US, but HPC geographical variation is growing. China accounted for almost 80% of Asia’s decline between November 2023 and June 2024. The first time a Chinese HPC system made it into the top 10 of the Top 500 was in June 2004. There would not be another until November 2009. China is aggressively enhancing indigenous R&D through initiatives that foster collaboration between academia and industry and by attracting top talent to reduce reliance on foreign technologies.
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The Impacts of China's HPC Isolation
As competition for technological supremacy grows in the next decade, the associated decoupling will negatively impact global HPC. The US-China trade war and geopolitical tensions have increased regulatory risks for Chinese companies. Tech companies in the HPC industry face greater scrutiny, affecting their operations, access to technology, and global market opportunities. Tech nationalism influences decisions related to access to semiconductor technology and can lead to countries implementing protectionist measures to preserve their competitive positions in the industry.
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Scope
- HPC is a key part of the global tech rivalry. It has always allowed nation-states to demonstrate their technical capabilities, with implications for their security.
- Competition between the US and China for technological supremacy will intensify in the next decade. This report looks at the implications of this competition on China’s HPC industry and the broader tech landscape.
Reasons to Buy
Businesses, governments, and individuals generate huge volumes of data every day, and organizations use HPC to store, process, and analyze large, complex workloads to extract value from this data. Therefore, understanding this technology is more important than ever. US-China competition is the most important geopolitical factor in the global economy and drives global supply chain decoupling. Geopolitical fractures cause regulatory fragmentation, making streamlining business operations across multiple locations a long and costly process. As HPC’s strategic importance grows with its accessibility and use cases, it will increasingly become a key geopolitical battleground for the West and China.
Alphabet
Amazon
AMD
Biren Technology
Broadcom
CETC
Chinese Academy of Sciences
Cisco
Dawning
Dell
Fujitsu
Hefei National Laboratory
Hitachi
HPE
Huawei
IBM
Inspur
Intel
Lenovo
Loongson
Microsoft
Moore Threads
National Supercomputing Center in Wuxi
Nvidia
Phytium
QuantumCTek
Riken
Samsung Electronics
Sugon
ZTE
Table of Contents
Frequently asked questions
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When did China surpassed the US to claim the most entries on the Top 500?
In 2016, China overtook the US to claim the most entries on the Top 500, a list that ranks the 500 most powerful supercomputers globally, for the first time.
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What has increased regulatory risks for Chinese companies.?
The US-China trade war and geopolitical tensions have increased regulatory risks for Chinese companies.
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