Global Population: Overview
The entire number of people living in a nation or area is referred to as its population. The economy, female fertility rates, birth rates, mortality rates, healthcare facilities, expanding urbanization, immigration and emigration rates, education, and other social and cultural elements are only a few of the many variables that affect a nation's population growth.
Currently, the global population is growing at a low single-digit annual rate. The population is projected to grow by 81 million people annually. The population of the world has more than doubled between 1959 and the 2000s. The annual rate of population increase reached its high in the late 1960s. The pace of increase has nearly halved since then, and it is anticipated that it will continue to decrease globally in the coming years.
Japan Population Distribution
The population of Japan reached 125.1 million in 2021. Japan had the largest population group with 58.6% (73.3 million) of the population falling into the working-age group of 15-64 years. 65 years and above was the second-largest population group in Japan with 28.8% (36.1 million) of the population. Below 15 years was the third largest population group with 12.6% (15.8 million) of the total population in 2021.
Japan’s aging population has become a major concern for the country. Japan’s dependency ratio (over-65 years population as a share of the working-age (15 to 64) population) is one of the highest amongst the OECD nations. Government expenditure on social security is growing, with most of it going into pensions, medical care, nursing, and welfare. Problems arising from an aging population will affect Japan in the coming years, as people continue to retire in increasing numbers. With the country’s older population increasing every year, the cost of social welfare will only rise, which could have serious implications for the country’s finances as well as its economic activity. The growing aging population also has serious implications for the labor force. Japan’s population is projected to fall by one-fifth to around 100 million by 2050.
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