Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are one of the major causes of rising global warming and the Oil & Gas industry accounts directly & indirectly for one-third of the global emissions. CO2, Methane & NOx gases form a major part of greenhouse gases which are released by burning Oil, Fossil Fuels, etc. Due to rising GHG emissions from companies, it became important among major contributing sectors to report gas emissions during their operations.
Saudi Arabian Oil Co (Saudi Aramco) is a state-owned energy and chemical company. It carries out the exploration, production, and processing of crude oil and natural gas, refining, fractionation of natural gas, production of petrochemicals, and distribution of petroleum products and natural gas. The company operates wholly-owned domestic refineries. Saudi Aramco operates through a network of pipelines, bulk plants, air refueling sites, and terminals. The company also operates power plants and associated transmission and distribution facilities in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Total GHG emissions reported by Saudi Aramco in 2021 were 79 million tonnes CO2 equivalents (MtCO2eq), which increased by 6% from 2020. Saudi Aramco’s GHG emissions have increased by around 17% since 2018. The company created a new biodiversity policy in 2021, committing to a net positive impact on biodiversity across all of its operations. The oil and gas company aims to achieve net-zero by 2050 across its wholly-owned operating assets.
GHG emissions are generally classified into Scope 1,2 & 3 emissions. Scope 1 emissions are direct GHG emissions that occur from sources that are owned or controlled by the company, for example, emissions from combustion in owned or controlled boilers, furnaces, vehicles, etc. Scope 2 accounts for GHG emissions from the generation of purchased electricity consumed by a company. Scope 1 emissions form the major portion of total GHG emissions for Saudi Aramco, accounting for 76% of total GHG emissions in 2021. The company does not disclose the amount of Scope 3 emissions from its customers. As per the company, carbon intensity from its upstream operations is among the lowest in the industry.
In 2021, Saudi Aramco started developing the Jafurah unconventional gas field to support Saudi Arabia’s aim of producing half of its power from gas and the rest from renewables which will accelerate the supply of clean energy. The company is also investing in solar projects such as Sudair Solar PV with a capacity of 1.5 GW.
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