Riacho dos Machados Mine in Minas Gerais, was the largest surface and underground mine in Brazil, producing approximately 1.5 million metric tons per annum (mmtpa) of Run-of-Mine (ROM) and primarily produced gold (62.5 thousand ounces) in 2021. The Riacho dos Machados Mine is owned by Equinox Gold Corp, and is due to operate until 2031. The second largest surface and underground mine with an estimated 1.39 mmtpa of ROM and primarily producing gold (55.44 thousand ounces), was the Ernesto/Pau-a-Pique Gold Mine located in Mato Grosso. The Ernesto/Pau-a-Pique Gold Mine is owned by Aura Minerals Inc, and is due to operate until 2026.
Serra Grande Mine located in Goias was the third-largest mine, the Fazenda Brasileiro Mine located in Bahia was the fourth-largest mine, and the Morro Agudo Mine located in Minas Gerais was the fifth-largest mine, with an estimated ROM production of 1.07 mmtpa, 1.02 mmtpa and 1.02 mmtpa, respectively, in 2021. The Serra Grande Mine is owned by AngloGold Ashanti Ltd which is due to operate until 2037, the Fazenda Brasileiro Mine is owned by Equinox Gold Corp which is due to operate until 2023 and the Morro Agudo Mine is owned by Votorantim SA which is due to operate until 2029.
The five largest surface and underground mines, i.e., Riacho dos Machados Mine, Ernesto/Pau-a-Pique Gold Mine, Serra Grande Mine, Fazenda Brasileiro Mine, and Morro Agudo Mine, cumulatively produced approximately 6 mmtpa of ROM in 2021.
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