Sentinel Copper Mine in North-Western, Zambia, was the largest surface mine in Middle East and Africa, producing approximately 59.5 million metric tons per annum (mmtpa) of Run-of-Mine (ROM) and primarily produced copper (248.7 thousand tonnes) in 2021. The Sentinel Copper Mine is owned by First Quantum Minerals Ltd, and is due to operate until 2035. The second largest surface mine with an estimated 57.68 mmtpa of ROM, was the Grootegeluk Mine located in Limpopo, South Africa. The Grootegeluk Mine is owned by Exxaro Resources Ltd, and is due to operate until 2041.
Grande Cote Project located in Dakar, Senegal was the third-largest mine, the Khor Khuwair Limestone Quarry located in Ras al-Khaimah, United Arab Emirates was the fourth-largest mine, and the Sishen Mine located in Northern Cape, South Africa was the fifth-largest mine, with an estimated ROM production of 46.63 mmtpa, 38.11 mmtpa and 37.9 mmtpa, respectively, in 2021. The Grande Cote Project is owned by Government of the Republic of Senegal;Eramet SA which is due to operate until 2046, the Khor Khuwair Limestone Quarry is owned by Ras Al Khaimah Government and the Sishen Mine is owned by Exxaro Resources Ltd;Industrial Development Corporation (IDC);Sishen Iron Ore Company Community Development Trust;Anglo American Plc which is due to operate until 2039.
The five largest surface mines, i.e., Sentinel Copper Mine, Grootegeluk Mine, Grande Cote Project, Khor Khuwair Limestone Quarry, and Sishen Mine, cumulatively produced approximately 239.82 mmtpa of ROM in 2021.
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