Global warming places life on earth in danger, posing a threat to fresh water, food, and energy supplies. Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are the primary cause of global warming. Carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and nitrogen oxides (NOx) are GHGs produced by the combustion of oil, fossil fuels, and other sources.
The energy supply sector is one of the largest contributors to global greenhouse gas emissions, responsible for approximately 35% of total emissions. The Covid-19 pandemic impacted the energy demand in 2020, reducing global CO2 emissions by 5.2%. However, the rapid economic recovery in 2021 increased the energy demand. The biggest increase in CO2 emissions by sector in 2021 took place in electricity and heat production, where they jumped by more than 900 million tonnes CO2 equivalent (MtCO2eq), which accounted for 46% of the global increase in emissions.
Electricite de France SA (EDF) is an integrated electricity provider. It carries out generation, transmission, distribution, energy supply, trading, energy services and other related services. In 2021, the energy company reported total GHG emissions of around 129.3 MtCO2eq, down 4% from 2020.
Scope 1, 2, and 3 emissions are the three categories of GHG emissions. Scope 1 emissions result from energy production of the company’s controlled assets. Indirect GHG emissions during the production of purchased electricity, and grid losses, are referred to as Scope 2. Scope 3 emissions refer to the company's other indirect emissions beyond the company’s direct operations and occur in the company’s value chain, including upstream and downstream activities, such as gas sales, gas consumption by customers, and business trips.
Scope 3 emissions account for most of EDF’s overall GHG emissions, accounting for 78.9% of total GHG emissions (102 MtCO2eq) in 2021. In 2021, the company's Scope 1 emissions (27 MtCO2eq) fell by 4%, and Scope 2 emissions remained constant at 0.3 MtCO2eq.
With a goal of becoming carbon neutral by 2050, EDF aims to produce increasingly low-carbon electricity.
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