The Power export in Turkey reached 2,484 GWh in 2020
The indicator recorded a historical decline at a CAGR of 9.07% between 2017 to 2020
Why did the power export in Turkey decline in 2020?
Electricity exports with neighboring countries saw fluctuations but grew overall between 2000 and 2020. Electricity imports and exports witnessed a decline during 2008 due to the global economic crisis, but electricity exports started recovering again from 2009. During 2011 to 2016, electricity exports were more or less the same whereas electricity imports observed a significant increase. The sudden rise in electricity imports can be attributed to the rapid increase in electricity consumption and a slow growth in electricity generation. Both thermal power and hydropower generation has shown slow growth during past few years including a decline in thermal power generation in 2013, 2015, and 2019 and a decline in hydropower generation in 2014 and 2017.
Supply Security
Turkey was a net exporter of electricity, between 2004 and 2010, but became a net importer in 2011. Net electricity imports rose sharply from 2011 to 2016. Exports increased in 2017 leading to a positive net export after a long time. This was possible due to an increase in thermal power capacity and generation in 2017 over 2016. From 2017 to 2020, Turkey has maintained a positive net electricity export.
Thermal power is the main source of power generation in Turkey. Most of its thermal installed capacity is natural gas-based, followed by hard coal and lignite fuel. However, it has very less fossil fuel reserves and depends on the fuel imports to meet its energy requirements including for power generation. Turkey imports nearly all the natural gas it consumes. It imported natural gas from Russia, Iran, Azerbaijan, Algeria, and Nigeria. Turkey imports crude oil mainly from Iraq, Iran, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Colombia, Kazakhstan, and Nigeria.
Grid Interconnection
Turkey is actively engaged in the cross-border exchange of electricity. TETAS, a wholly state-owned trading company, is the only entity responsible for the export and import of electricity. Turkey has several grid interconnections with Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Iran, Iraq, Syria, Bulgaria, and Greece.
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