Global warming places life on earth in danger, posing a threat to fresh water, food, and energy supplies. Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are the primary cause of global warming. Carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and nitrogen oxides (NOx) are GHGs produced by the combustion of oil, fossil fuels, and other sources.
The technology and communication industry accounts for approximately 2% to 3% of worldwide greenhouse gas emissions. GHG emissions are produced by industry operations such as energy consumption, product manufacture, and product use. Digital technology, according to the International Telecommunication Union, has the potential to reduce world carbon emissions by roughly 17%. Technology companies can help other industries improve their operational efficiency, cutting GHG emissions.
Alphabet Inc (Alphabet), the holding company of Google, is a global technology company. It offers a wide range of products and platforms, including search, maps, calendar, ads, Gmail, Google Play, Android, google cloud, chrome, and YouTube. In 2020, the technology company reported total GHG emissions of around 11.28 million tonnes CO2 equivalents (MtCO2eq), down 16% from 2019.
Scope 1, 2, and 3 emissions are the three categories of GHG emissions. Scope 1 emissions result from sources that the firm owns or controls, such as fuel burnt by the company's vehicles. Indirect GHG emissions from the generation of purchased energy, such as the electricity needed to power the company's facilities, are referred to as Scope 2. Scope 3 emissions refer to the company's other indirect emissions beyond the company’s direct operations and occur in the company’s value chain, including upstream and downstream activities, such as the production of packaging, product transportation, and product use.
Scope 3 emissions account for most of Alphabet's overall GHG emissions, accounting for 91.6% of total GHG emissions (10.33 MtCO2eq) in 2020. In 2020, the company's Scope 1 emissions fell by 42%, but Scope 2 emissions have climbed by 15%.
In 2020, Alphabet purchased enough renewable energy from sources such as wind and solar to match 100% of its data centers and offices’ electricity demand. Alphabet has committed to investing around $4 billion in renewable energy through 2034 to reduce carbon emissions.
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