Global warming is threatening life on earth, impacting the availability of fresh water, food, and energy. Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are the major reason for rising global temperature. GHG includes carbon dioxide (CO2), methane, and nitrogen oxides (NOx) which emits by burning oil, fossil fuels, and other sources.
The technology and communication industry is responsible for 2-3% of global GHG emissions. The industry’s activities such as fuel burned by the transportation fleet, electricity used, product production, and product usage all contribute to GHG emissions. According to International Telecommunications Union, digital technology has the potential to reduce global carbon emissions by around 17%. Technology companies can assist other industries in improving their operating efficiency, as a result, lowering GHG emissions.
Apple Inc (Apple) is one of the most valued technology companies in the world which designs, manufactures, and markets smartphones, tablets, personal computers (PCs), and portable & wearable devices. Total GHG emissions reported by the technology company were around 25 million tonnes CO2 equivalents (MtCO2eq) in 2020, which decreased by 9.7% from 2019. The technology giant has been carbon neutral for corporate operations since April 2020.
Scope 1, 2, and 3 emissions are the three categories of GHG emissions. Scope 1 emissions are direct GHG emissions that occur from sources that are owned or controlled by the company such as fuel burned by the company’s delivery fleet. Scope 2 emissions are indirect GHG emissions that come from the generation of purchased energy, like the electricity used to power the company’s facilities. Scope 3 emissions refer to the company's other indirect emissions which are beyond the company’s direct operations and occur in the company’s value chain, including upstream and downstream activities, such as the production of packaging, product transportation, and product use.
Scope 3 emissions form the major portion of Apple’s total GHG emissions, accounting for 99.8% (24.86 MtCO2eq) of total GHG emissions in 2020. The company’s Scope 1 emissions have decreased by 10.1% in 2020 and Scope 2 emissions were zero for the last two years.
Apple has set a target of becoming carbon neutral across its entire operations by 2030 and it will invest around $200 million in projects related to removing carbon from the atmosphere.
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