According to a national report presented by India on Monday, November 14, 2022, at the COP27 climate summit in Egypt, the country will prioritize a gradual switch to cleaner fuels and reducing household consumption in order to achieve net zero emissions by 2070. The report outlines how the country would fulfill the decarbonization commitment it made in 2021 as part of efforts to keep global warming to 1.5 degrees Celsius above preindustrial levels.
According to the historic Paris Agreement of 2015, all countries are required to submit a strategy document to the U.N. Framework Convention on Climate Change describing how they will contribute to the fight against global warming. These strategies are known as Long-Term Low Emissions and Development Strategies (LT-LEDS). With this, India joins the exclusive group of 56 countries that have submitted their LTS documents to the UNFCCC.
In August 2022, the country revised its Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs), pledging to cut its GDP's emissions intensity by 45% from 2005 levels over the next seven years, an increase of 10% from its prior 2016 commitment. In contrast to Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs), which are also required under the Paris Agreement, LT-LEDS have a longer time horizon and do not impose any reporting requirements on countries.
The 121-page LT-LEDS is in line with India's net-zero goals and provides a future roadmap for 6 key sectors such as electricity, transport, urban, industry, carbon dioxide removal, and forests. The energy and industry sectors account for more than three-fourths of India's CO2 emissions. While there are significant changes taking place in the transportation and urban systems. The country proposes increasing the use of biofuels, notably ethanol blending in gasoline, increasing the number of electric vehicles on the road, combined with increased public transportation networks, and using more green hydrogen fuel. Along with other countries, India has already committed to reducing its use of coal, and it has grown to be a significant market for solar energy projects.
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