As a result of global warming, the availability of fresh water, food, and energy will be threatened. The primary cause of global warming is greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and nitrogen oxides (NOx) are GHGs produced by the combustion of oil, fossil fuels, and other sources.
Globally, the technology and communication industry contributes about 2% to 3% of greenhouse gas emissions. GHG emissions are released by industry operations such as energy consumption, product manufacture, and product use. According to the International Telecommunication Union, digital technology has the potential to reduce world carbon emissions by roughly 17%. The technology industry can help other sectors improve their efficiency, reducing greenhouse gas emissions.
Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Co Ltd (TSMC) is a provider of semiconductor foundry services. The company reported total GHG emissions of 17 million tonnes CO2 equivalents (MtCO2eq) in 2020, an increase of 10% from 2019.
GHG emissions fall into three categories - scope 1, 2, and 3. Scope 1 emissions are those produced by a company's own or controlled sources, such as stationary combustion sources and hydrofluorocarbon refrigerant emissions. Scope 2 refers to the indirect GHG emissions from the generation of purchased energy, such as the energy needed to power the company's facilities. Scope 3 emissions refer to the company's other indirect emissions beyond the company’s direct operations and occur in the company’s value chain, including upstream and downstream activities, such as the production of packaging, product transportation, and product use.
In 2020, TSMC's scope 2 emissions accounted for 48% of its overall GHG emissions (8.22 MtCO2eq). In 2020, the company's Scope 1 emissions were up by 18% and Scope 3 emissions increased by 4%.
TSMC has set a target to reduce its greenhouse gas emissions per unit product by 40% by 2030, and it uses 100% renewable energy in its offices and overseas.
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