Global warming is threatening life on earth, impacting the availability of fresh water, food, and energy. Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are the major reason for rising global temperature. GHG includes carbon dioxide (CO2), methane, and nitrogen oxides (NOx) which emits by burning oil, fossil fuels, and other sources.
The technology and communication industry is responsible for 2-3% of global GHG emissions. The industry’s activities such as fuel burned by the transportation fleet, electricity used, product production, and product usage all contribute to GHG emissions. According to International Telecommunications Union, digital technology has the potential to reduce global carbon emissions by around 17%. Technology companies can assist other industries in improving their operating efficiency, as a result, lowering GHG emissions.
Amazon.com Inc (Amazon) is one of the largest online retailers and web service providers in the world. Total GHG emissions reported by the technology company were around 66.84 million tonnes CO2 equivalents (MtCO2eq) in 2020, which increased by 18.5% from 2019.
Scope 1, 2, and 3 emissions are the three categories of GHG emissions. Scope 1 emissions are direct GHG emissions that occur from sources that are owned or controlled by the company such as fuel burned by the company’s delivery fleet. Scope 2 emissions are indirect GHG emissions that come from the generation of purchased energy, like the electricity used to power the company’s facilities. Scope 3 emissions refer to the company's other indirect emissions which are beyond the company’s direct operations and occur in the company’s value chain, including upstream and downstream activities, such as the production of packaging, product transportation, and product use.
Scope 3 emissions form the major portion of Amazon’s total GHG emissions, accounting for 75.4% (50.43 MtCO2eq) of total GHG emissions in 2020. The online retailer’s Scope 1 emissions have increased by 67% and Scope 2 emissions have decreased by 4.2% in 2020.
Amazon has created a Climate Pledge Fund with a $2 billion investment to support sustainable development and decarbonizing technologies and services. In 2020, Amazon became the world’s largest corporate buyer of renewable energy and achieved 65% renewable energy across its operations.
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United States of America
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United States of America
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