Serra Norte Mining Complex in Para, was the largest surface iron ore-producing mine in Brazil, producing approximately 109.3 million tonnes of iron ore and an estimated 110.27 million metric tons per annum (mmtpa) of Run-of-Mine (ROM) in 2021. The Serra Norte Mining Complex is owned by Vale SA, and is due to operate until 2038. The second largest surface iron ore-producing mine with an estimated production of 73.7 million tonnes of iron ore and approximately 88.29 mmtpa of ROM, was the Carajas Serra Sul S11D Project located in Para. The Carajas Serra Sul S11D Project is owned by Vale SA, and is due to operate until 2062.
Vargem Grande Mining Complex located in Minas Gerais was the third-largest mine, the Itabira Mining Complex located in Minas Gerais was the fourth-largest mine, and the Paraopeba Mining Complex located in Minas Gerais was the fifth-largest mine, with an estimated iron ore production of 31.3 million tonnes, 28.7 million tonnes and 23 million tonnes, respectively, in 2021. The Vargem Grande Mining Complex, the Itabira Mining Complex and the Paraopeba Mining Complex had an estimated ROM production of 34.52 mmtpa, 60.46 mmtpa and 26.54 mmtpa respectively. The Vargem Grande Mining Complex is owned by Vale SAwhich is due to operate until 2089, the Itabira Mining Complex is owned by Vale SA which is due to operate until 2041 and the Paraopeba Mining Complex is owned by Vale SA which is due to operate until 2042.
The five largest iron ore mines, i.e., Serra Norte Mining Complex, Carajas Serra Sul S11D Project, Vargem Grande Mining Complex, Itabira Mining Complex, and Paraopeba Mining Complex, cumulatively produced approximately 266 million tonnes of iron ore, 320.08 mmtpa of ROM in 2021.
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