Cleveland-Cliffs Inc (Cliffs) is a flat-rolled steel manufacturer. It also supplies iron ore pellets to the North American steel industry from its mines. The company carries out downstream finishing, stamping, tooling, and tubing and also mining of raw materials and ferrous scrap for primary steelmaking for the vertical integration of its operations. It also produces direct reduced iron (DRI)-grade pellets. It serves automotive, manufacturing and infrastructure, and distributors and converters markets.

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Cliffs has utilized its research and development capabilities to introduce new steel products to the marketplace. The company's R&D activities enable it to offer a broad range of steel products, improve existing products and processes, and develop new ones. As a leading supplier of steel to the automotive industry in North America, maintaining a world-class R&D team is crucial for expanding capabilities and bringing new steel products to the market. The company expects its R&D capabilities to support its efforts to remain a leading supplier to the automotive industry as manufacturers pursue EVs, lighter weight vehicles, and other advancements in vehicle capabilities. In FY2025, the company spent US$22 million on research and innovation.