Natco Pharma Ltd (Natco Pharma) focuses on the development, manufacturing, and marketing of finished dosage formulations (FDF), active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), and intermediates. The company has a diverse portfolio that covers the entire value chain, from developing and manufacturing APIs and FDFs to successfully commercializing them in both domestic and international markets. Natco Pharma has nine manufacturing facilities and research centers across India. The company has more than 80 active FDFs in India, 111 Indian patents granted, 289 Indian patents filed, and 182 active FDFs in the rest of the world. The company also aims to expand strategically into the agrochemical business. The company classifies its business into two reportable segments, namely, Pharmaceuticals and Agro Chemicals.

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The company’s R&D activities focus on expanding its oligonucleotide peptide portfolio and developing products for new therapeutic areas such as muscle atrophy, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, cholesterol, and antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs). The company continuously develops, diversifies, and upgrades its research and development segment over decades through strategic investments and technology integration. It has also made significant investments in technology and instruments to enhance its research in the oligonucleotides area and strengthen its product portfolio. The company's discovery team develops innovative therapeutics for different types of cancers by utilizing in-house expertise in molecular modelling, medicinal chemistry, in vitro biology, pharmacology, formulations, and clinical research. The R&D units of Natco Pharma Ltd include the Research Centre (NRC) in Hyderabad, the Research Centre in Kothur, Telangana, and the Technical Unit and Formulation Unit in Attivaram, Andhra Pradesh. These units are responsible for managing the company's R&D activities, developing innovative therapeutics, and enhancing research in the oligonucleotides area. The company's R&D efforts are directed by the NATCO Research Centre, which focuses on synthetic chemistry, nano-pharmaceuticals, new drug discovery, and cell biology. The company has also invested in digital transformation in R&D, utilizing artificial intelligence to optimize clinical trials and facilitate personalized treatment regimens. The pipeline includes products like NRC-2694-A, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor for head and neck cancer, which is in Phase 2 clinical trials in the US and India. In FY2025, the company filed 325 international patents and 289 Indian patents, and has been granted 204 international patents and 111 Indian patents. As of March 2025, the company had 28 Para IV filings in the pipeline and 13 approved Para IV (either tentative or final). The company has filed 58 cumulative DMFs and has 49 active DMFs in FY2025. In FY2025, the company spent INR1,040 million on its R&D activities, which as a percentage of revenue stood at 2.3% and grew 14.1 YoY.