SJVN Ltd (SJVN) designs, plans, develops, examines, executes, operates and maintains hydroelectric power projects. It has power projects including hydroelectric projects in Uttarakhand, Himachal Pradesh and Arunachal Pradesh; a thermal Power Project in Bihar, a power transmission project in Nepal; a Wind Power project in Maharashtra and Solar Power Projects in Gujarat and Rajasthan. The company classifies its business operations into one reportable segment, namely generation and sale of hydroelectric power. It sells electricity to bulk customers comprising mainly of electricity utilities owned by State Governments on long term power purchase agreements. SJVN has projects in India, Nepal and Bhutan of different capacities and in different stages of construction, survey and investigation.

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SJVN has undertaken several R&D initiatives in the fiscal year 2024-25 to enhance its power generation capabilities. These initiatives include the adoption of the Bottom Removal of Kaplan Turbine & its components at the LHEP-1 Project to reduce machine downtime. The company also commissioned India's first Multipurpose (Combined Heat & Power) Green Hydrogen Pilot Project with a capacity of 20 NM3/hr Green Hydrogen and 25 kW of Green Power at NJHPS, Jhakri. Additionally, SJVN has established partnerships with academic institutions such as IIT Madras, IIT Delhi, IIT Roorkee, and IIT Patna for various research projects, including the development of alternative materials for turbine components, high-performance concrete studies, hydrokinetic turbine prototypes, and advanced geological predictive models. Furthermore, 18 innovative and technological upgradation measures were implemented at project sites and the corporate headquarters to enhance operational efficiency. The R&D unit(s) of SJVN are responsible for managing the company's research and development activities, focusing on innovation, technology upgradation, and product development to improve operational efficiency and power generation capabilities. In FY2025, the company spent INR25.8 million on R&D, which as a percentage of revenue stood at 0.1%, and grew 67.5%.