Saudi Arabian Oil Co (Saudi Aramco) is an integrated energy and chemicals company. It is involved in the exploration, production, refining, distribution, and marketing of hydrocarbons. The company serves industries such as energy, chemicals, and petrochemicals, providing products like crude oil, natural gas, refined products, and chemicals. Saudi Aramco's projects include the Fadhili Gas Plant, the Manifa oil field, the Sadara petrochemicals facility, the Shaybah oil field, and the Wasit gas plant.

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Saudi Aramco has undertaken a comprehensive technology program aimed at developing new solutions for its Upstream and Downstream businesses, diversifying its product portfolio, and growing its business sustainably. The company focuses on digital solutions, new energies, and advanced materials, embedding technology in its strategy and business culture. Aramco's venture capital fund invests in disruptive technologies outside the energy sector and in late-stage ventures in sustainability and digital domains. The company aims to finance game-changing innovations across various industries and collaborate with innovative companies to develop new technologies for long-term diversification opportunities. Notable initiatives include the development of direct crude-to-chemicals technology in collaboration with Honeywell and KAUST, leveraging AI and digital technology to improve operational capabilities, and deploying the Middle East's first quantum computer for industrial applications. In addition to this, the company also focuses on improving methods for the discovery of new hydrocarbon reserves, while developing technologies to improve oil recovery, increase production, discovery novel catalysts and reduce lifting costs. It's downstream technology development is primarily focused on maximizing value across the hydrocarbon chain and developing new methods for producing products. Saudi Aramco's sustainable technology development is aimed at growing non-fuel applications for crude oil, sustaining lower carbon intensity crude oil, while advancing more sustainable transport solutions, and driving high-impact lower carbon intensity solutions. In FY2025, the company incurred a research and development expenditure of SAR5,443 million which was 0.3% of the company's total revenue and declined 6.4% YoY.