Thales SA (Thales) is a provider of technology, security and surveillance systems, electronic systems, software, space, and ground transportation services. The company serves serves industries such as defense, aerospace, space, cyber, and digital, providing solutions, services, and products to help its customers, including companies, organizations, and governments, carry out critical missions.

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Thales is actively engaged in research and innovation, focusing on collaborative R&D with start-ups, industry partners, and the academic research community to develop advanced solutions. The company is preparing for future disruptive technologies in areas such as brain-computer interfaces, quantum technology, open innovation, edge computing, human-centered AI, and future connectivity. Thales SA's R&D efforts are directed towards critical systems design, serving markets like aeronautics, space, defense, cybersecurity, and digital security. The company emphasizes openness and partnership across technological, entrepreneurial, and market dimensions to drive innovation. The R&D unit of Thales is Thales Research & Technology (TRT), which is responsible for managing the company's R&D activities. TRT focuses on developing and maturing innovations across the technological spectrum, with an emphasis on sovereignty technologies, new system and product concepts, and critical information system engineering tools and methods. The company has established numerous strategic partnerships with academic institutions and research organizations worldwide, including collaborations with CNRS, CEA, École Polytechnique, Sorbonne University, and several universities in the UK, Canada, and India. Thales SA has also conducted over 250 proofs of concept with more than 4,000 start-ups. As December 2025, it had portfolio of over 22,000 patents and employs 800 AI-dedicated experts. The company had 34,000 researchers and engineers. In FY2025, it incurred expenses of EUR1,327.8 million on R&D, which as a percentage of revenue, stood at 6%.