Oil India Ltd (OIL), an integrated energy company, carries out upstream, midstream and downstream operations. It is an integrated Exploration & Production company in the upstream sector. The company also produces Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) and transports crude oil and refined petroleum products through cross country pipelines.

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Oil has undertaken several R&D initiatives focused on developing innovative solutions to address challenges in the fossil fuel industry. These initiatives include the development of nanomaterials for enhanced oil recovery, production of biohydrogen from waste water, creation of green spotting fluid for drilling operations, development of materials for CO2 capture and conversion into green fuels, and geomechanically studies for improved drilling efficiency. The company emphasizes technology and innovation to ensure sustainable growth and energy transition. The R&D units of Oil India Ltd are the R&D Department at its Field Headquarters in Duliajan and the Centre of Excellence for Energy Studies (CoEES) in Guwahati. These units focus on both immediate and future research needs, supporting the company's R&D activities through robust initiatives and the adoption of state-of-the-art technologies. Oil operates two R&D centers. The company has filed five patent applications during the FY2025-26. The company collaborates extensively with academia, research institutes, start-ups, and other industry bodies to enhance its R&D endeavors. In FY2026, the company spent INR1,732.2 million on its R&D activities which increased 17.6% YOY.